CAUTION - READ THIS PARAGRAPH CAREFULLY BEFORE USE!
When used on a Plus, SndControl may cause the dreaded bomb alert to appear on your screen upon quitting certain applications. MultiFinder seems to solve the problem, but please test SndControl carefully on your own system and with your usual set of cdev/INITs, before using it while doing productive work and of course, save your documents as often as possible (but you do that anyway, don't you?).
SndControl REQUIRES that you run your Mac under System 6.0.4 or higher. If used with an older System, it will simply display a cross on its icon at startup (and if the System is very old, it may display nothing at all!).
1) You may give (not sell) SndControl and this document to any and all your friends and acquaintances. That way, they too will be able to try it out and decide whether they like it enough to pay for a user licence.
2) You may upload SndControl and this document to any BBS or Online Service that does not charge a special fee for downloading (if in doubt, seek my written permission).
3) You may NOT include SndControl on a disk that is sold for any reason without obtaining my written consent. This includes so-called PD disks sold for a "nominal" fee. Again, if in doubt, write to me for permission.
What is SndControl?
SndControl is designed to complement the Sound cdev (control panel device) distributed with Apple's System Software.
It allows you to associate a different sound to a total of 15 distinct actions instead of just the beep. Fourteen of the actions can be assigned a sound by using the Control Panel device, while the fifteenth (a sound to be played whenever a given application is launched) requires using Sound Mover, the companion program to SndControl in the Sound Manager Package.
Sorry, no free lunch…
Please note that this program is NOT free. Try it out and make sure it works on your system. If you decide to keep it for longer than a fair trial period of a couple of weeks, you must send in the registration fee to become a licensed user. Otherwise, just give away or delete all copies in your possession and you'll owe me nothing.
Please remember that no matter how much you may have spent to actually get into possession of this program (download time, PD disks, CD-ROM collection of shareware or what-have-you), I will not earn a single cent, unless YOU send money directly to ME, i.e.:
Riccardo Ettore
67 rue de la limite
1970 W-Oppem, BELGIUM
This system of software distribution (known as "shareware") has advantages for both the author (me) and the user (you). You get to try the program(s) on your own system and make sure they work as advertized before you lay out any money, I potentially reach more people than by (expensive) advertising. Also, it's nice to be able to actually share the joy of your discovery by giving copies to your friends and acquaintances without feeling guilty that you are "pirating" software. In fact, I not only welcome you, but encourage you to give copies of this program to all your friends. Just make sure you don't charge them anything for it and that this document is included UNMODIFIED with the actual program.
Ultimately, YOU determine the viability of shareware distribution. If you procrastinate payment, you'll discourage me from writing and distributing more programs in this fashion.
So, if you think my programs are useful and/or entertaining, please take the time to send in the requested fee. I promise you won't regret it!
So how much will it cost you?
The form included in this document has all the details on registration fees.
But enough of the "commercial" stuff, how does SndControl work?
The INIT part of SndControl is executed when you start or restart your Macintosh. Its function is to install about 6K worth of code in system memory to patch several Toolbox calls. This allows SndControl to "know" when a certain action has occurred and to play the sound of your choice.
The cdev part appears in the Control Panel and allows you to make changes to the various settings, such as which sound should be played when the Trash Can is emptied, whether it should be picked at random from a sound suitcase containing several sounds, what volume it should play at, etcetera.
The choices you make are saved in a file stored in your System Folder, called "SndCtrl Cnfg". This file is automatically created by SndControl and will reappear (if you trash it or rename it) the next time you start up your Mac or use the SndControl cdev.
Using SndControl
Put SndControl in your System Folder, restart the Mac and call up the Control Panel. Locate the SndControl icon in the left part and select it. You'll be confronted with an inordinate number of radio buttons (15 at last count) and check boxes (5), plus a list of sounds and a volume control slider. Relax, SndControl is much easier to use than it may appear to be at first sight.
When you first select it from the list of cdev's in the Control Panel, SndControl comes up with the Beep radio button on. The setting of the Volume slider will match that of the slider in Apple's General and/or Sound cdev's, that is, it will correspond to the actual volume setting stored in the battery backed "parameter ram".
Note that changing the volume setting with SndControl when the Beep radio button is on is equivalent to changing it with either of the aforementioned devices.
The list of sounds will show any sounds (that is, resources of type 'snd ') contained in the System file plus those that you may have put in a sound suitcase file named "snd" (created using Sound Mover, more on this later) plus those found in any sound suitcases or other files that you have opened with Suitcase ™ or Master Juggler™. Note that for SndControl to find it, the "snd" file must reside in the System Folder.
The sound currently associated with the action you select by pushing one of the radio buttons will be highlighted in the list.
The first time you use SndControl (or any time you trash its Cnfg file), the Beep sound will be set to Simple Beep (actually, to the 'snd ' with a resource id of 1) and all other sound actions will be set to the blank line at the top of the list of sounds, i.e. to silence.
Assigning a sound to an action
Let's say that the list of sounds included the one where Basil Fawlty alias John Cleese says "It's in the bin" and that you would like to hear it whenever you make the trash can fat by putting something in it. You would:
1) click on Full Trash
2) select the "It's in the bin" sound from the list
and optionally
3) select the volume at which you want this particular sound to be played.
Repeat steps 1) to 3) for each action that you wish to have a sound played for.
To disengage a sound from an action, select the action's radio button and click in the blank slot at the top of the sounds list.
The Use CP volume check box
If you skip step 3), the sound will be played at the same level as the one of the Beep, which then acts as a "master" control. I call this the Control Panel volume or CP volume for short, because you can also set it with the General Control Panel device.
Please note that if you adjust the volume with the slider in SndControl, the check in the Use CP volume box will disappear, indicating that this particular sound will be played at its own, independent volume.
To force the sound to be played at whatever volume is set for the Beep, simply re-check the Use CP volume box.
Also note that whenever the Beep or Control Panel volume is set to zero, SndControl will respect your wish and your Mac will remain totally silent, no matter what volume the various sounds are set to play at. This is especially convenient late into the night or when your boss is around...
Naturally, whenever the Beep radio button is on, the Use CP volume check box will be checked and you won't be able to change it, since that is the CP volume setting.
Thanks to Denis Figeys for suggesting this feature.
The Randomize check box
Having the same sound played every time a given action occurs can and often does become very boring or even irritating at times.
SndControl provides you with an easy way to fix that: Any action can be assigned a randomly selected sound by simply checking the Randomize check box. When you do, the list of sounds will be replaced by a list of sound suitcases present in your System Folder (if any).
Selecting a suitcase's name tells SndControl to pick a sound at random from those contained in that suitcase. This way, you can create thematic suitcases to be assigned to a particular type of event (such as one containing 23 different kinds of laughter for when you insert a bad disk, or ten different appreciative phrases to thank you for inserting a disk and so on).
Selecting the blank line at the top of the list means that the sound will be picked at random amongst those available in all open suitcases (i.e. opened with Suitcase or Master Juggler) and those available in the special "snd" suitcase.
To revert to having a fixed sound played, simply uncheck the Randomize box.
The Keep In RAM check box
By default, this box is unchecked. This means that the sound to be played for a given action will be fetched from disk when needed and purged from internal RAM memory when it's finished playing.
This works fine most of the time and avoids using up memory for nothing. The penalty for doing so is that there will be a noticeable delay as the sound is read in from disk (longer on a Plus or SE with no hard disk). If the delay doesn't bother you, leave the box unchecked. If it does (especially for the Key, Space and Return sounds), check this box and the sound will be kept in RAM.
Note that to avoid having to expand the system heap (which requires rebooting and is thus not very flexible), the sounds are loaded into the application heap and will have to be (automatically) reloaded from disk whenever you change applications (under Finder). That's why you'll still occasionally experience a slight delay.
Also note that if there is insufficient memory any time a sound needs to be loaded from disk, the Mac will simply remain silent.
When Randomize is on, the Keep in RAM check box will be unselectable, since it makes no sense to try and keep a randomly selected sound in memory (only to be discarded when the next random selection is made). Setting the key strokes to play random sounds can be fun, but you'll have to put up with the time it takes to fetch each new sound from disk, I'm afraid!
The Show Icon check box
This is normally checked. Uncheck it if you do not wish to see the SndControl icon displayed at the bottom of the screen during startup.
The Don't load check box
This is normally not checked. Put a check in it if you want to disable SndControl from the next time you restart, yet leave it in the System Folder.
The Size information
The number displayed is the size in bytes of the sound you have selected for an action. If Randomize is on, it will either be zero or the size of an entire suitcase if one is selected. It's there purely for information and you'll probably wish to ignore it anyway.
A word on IdleTalk (patent pending! grin, grin!)
This feature was suggested to me by my son Guy, who was trying to find new uses for the sounds he sampled over the Christmas holidays.
What it does, is play the sound of your choice whenever a predefined period of inactivity has elapsed.
I currently have a 772K sound suitcase filled with 36 very appropriate things to say, such as : "Don't pick your nose!" or "Oh my God, he's gone!" or "Type something, will you, we're paying for this" and so on (it fits on one disk and I'll send it to you if you add an extra $3 when you register). Having these sounds picked at random can be very hilarious, as they often seem very appropriate to what you are doing (or not doing as the case may be) at the time they're uttered.
By default, IdleTalk is off, as indicated by the word Off on the right of the IdleTalk radio button.
Turn the IdleTalk radio button on and you'll see two little arrows appear. Click the up/down arrow to increase/decrease the amount of idle time (in minutes) that you want your Mac to wait for before throwing idle noises at you. Clicking the down arrow when the value is 1 (one) will turn IdleTalk off.
Just in case you're wondering, IdleTalk often utters abuse at me right in the middle of a Navigator connection to CompuServe and bang in the middle of DiskExpress II's optimization process and it causes no harm (on my IIsi, anyway).
A word on LaunchSnd
If you want a sound to be played when a certain application is launched, use Sound Mover to copy the sound into the application itself (hold down the option key as you click Open in Sound Mover to see a list of all files on your disk, including applications) and rename the sound to "LaunchSnd".
That's it. The sound will be played every time you launch that application (unless you disable SndControl, that is). To silence it, either hold down the option key while you launch, turn the volume down to zero, rename the sound to something different from LaunchSnd or remove it from the application altogether.
Credit is due to Dennis Chesters for suggesting this feature.
Note that under MultiFinder it's recommendable to increase the amount of memory allotted to the application by an amount roughly equal to the size of the sound that will be played, since it will be loaded in the same memory partition.
A word on the special "snd" suitcase
In order to be available to SndControl, 'snd ' resources must reside in an open resource file. This is the same requirement that applies to Fonts and DAs. Unless you own either Suitcase or Master Juggler, the only resource file that is always open is the actual System File. This is where you'd normally have to install Fonts and DAs, using Font/DA Mover, and sounds, using Sound Mover, ResEdit or similar utility. In order to avoid forcing you to alter the System File by installing snd's directly into it, SndControl will automatically open a resource file named "snd" if you place it in the System Folder. You may create this file with ResEdit and fill it with any 'snd 's you want to make available, but it's far easier to create it and edit it using Sound Mover, the companion to SndControl in the Sound Manager Package.
A word on the Trash sounds
These sounds are played when the Trash Can icon first becomes either fat or thin. Occasionally, this may produce surprising results, such as being told "Erased from existence" when if fact you've emptied the can by pulling the document(s) it contained out to safety. Rest assured that nothing has been erased. It's just that computers (or rather, us human programmers) are occasionally dumber than you may think <grin>.
Silence is golden
To avoid having the sound associated with a particular action played, simply set its volume to zero or click on the empty slot at the top of the list of available sounds. To silence the Mac completely, irrespective of the various sound settings, set the volume to zero in the Control Panel (or indeed in SndControl with the Beep radio button on).
To temporarily silence the Mac, hold down the option key just before and during the action that would trigger the sound (e.g. holding option down as you Empty Trash will prevent that sound from being played).
To disable SndControl completely, you will need to restart the Mac. Before restarting, check the Don't load box in the cdev or remove the SndControl file from the System Folder altogether. Or you may hold down the shift key while restarting, just prior to when you expect its icon to appear. You'll know SndControl hasn't loaded if its icon has a cross on it.
To avoid having the startup sound played, press the Caps lock key during the startup (booting) process. SndControl will remind you of your decision to silence it by displaying an icon that says Shh and Caps!
NB: The icons mentioned above will only show if you leave the Show icon box checked in the cdev.
Where can you get more sounds?
Now that you have SndControl to attach them to system actions, you probably would like to have more sounds to play with.
The following are various ways to get them. The suggestions are not made in a particular order of merit or preference and are not meant as endorsements for the products mentioned.
1) Get yourself a Farallon MacRecorder. It's a little device not much bigger than a mouse that attaches to either serial port and comes with extremely good software for capturing and editing sounds from either its in-built mike or a direct connection to your hi-fi set. It's under $200 from most mail order outfits in the US.
2) Join a user group and buy those of their PD disks which contain sampled sounds. Or download the sounds by modem from their BBS.
3) If you have a CD-ROM player, you may want to get one of the many PD CD-ROMs available. They usually contain hundreds of sampled sounds and it'll cost you less than downloading them by modem or buying the dozens of diskettes that they'd require.
4) Join Compuserve, GEnie, America Online, etc. and download the sounds by modem. There are literally hundreds of choices available.
5) Buy one of the ever growing number of commercially available sound clip collections. Look in MacUser/World for the various ads. As an example, Tactic Software offers sound clips at 49.95 per set.
6) Write to :
Michael Hercus - S.P.S.
P.O. Box 1564
Station 'A'
Kelowna, B.C.
V1Y 7V8 CANADA.
Michael is actually one of my Registered Users and has decided to offer sound clip collections for sale to recoup the cost of his own MacRecorder. He'll send you a list of available sounds for $1 postage and handling.
7) If you are interested in copies of the sounds in my own ever growing collection, I've calculated an amount that is designed to cover the cost of disk(s), padded envelope, air mail postage, the wear and tear on my Mac and its disk drives and the pocket money my children demand for helping me out (ah, these greedy teen-agers!).
It's US$10 (hoping the dollar doesn't lose any more ground to the BF) for the first two disks (minimum), plus $4 per extra disk stuffed in the same envelope (a maximum of four will fit in one envelope).
If, and only if, you agree with my judgement that my charging this amount does not constitute a for-profit deal and does not rob the utterers of the sounds of a potential source of income, then do tell me which titles you are interested in and I'll make copies for you. Lack of time prevents me from making partial copies and mixing the contents of the disks, so I'm afraid you're stuck with the way I've decided to organize them.
I currently have 22 full or nearly full 800K disks. The sounds are almost always sampled at 11K, which is the rate I consider to offer the best value/kilobyte of disk space. Admittedly, they would sound much nicer and crisper at 22K, but I'd personally rather have a greater variety (for random play with SndControl) than I could afford if they were taking up twice the disk space.
I haven't had time to draw up a detailed list of individual sounds, but here's an idea of what's available:
1-DarthVader Phrases
2-Monty Python
3-FawltyTowers Part 1
4-FawltyTowers Part 2
5-FawltyTowers Part 3
6-FawltyTowers Part 4
7-FawltyTowers Part 5
8-HolyGrail Part 1
9-HolyGrail Part 2
10-Beverly Hills Cop
11-Animal sounds/Stakeout (Phrases from the film. No connection between the two files.)
12-Screams/Beatles (no, there is no connection either)
13-Misc Phrases/Star Trek Phrases
14-HAL & SAL (from 2001 and 2010)
15-Life of Brian/Marylin Monroe
16-IdleTalk Sounds ("don't pick your nose", yawn, snore, "type something,will you, we're paying for this", etc.)
17-Clockwise (phrases from the film)
18-Back to the Future
19-A Fish Called Wanda-1
20-A Fish Called Wanda-2
21-A Fish Called Wanda-3
22-Monty Python 2
Be advised that not all the sounds necessarily make sense as beeps or to accompany specific events with SndControl. Some are simply fun to listen to but would make no sense in association with a Mac action. Most though are quite funny and to the point and some verge on the delirious, like the mad doctor from Back to the future saying "Erased from existence" when you empty the trash can or Basil Fawlty inviting you to "go off and enjoy yourself, don't you worry about me, you go and have a good time, I'll be alright" when you shutdown your Mac.
I suppose you also know by now that unless you have a hard disk with plenty of room to spare you're better off not collecting too many long sounds.
Anyway, if you want copies of any of the above disks, you now know what to do.
As a final note, I'd like to make it absolutely clear that I do not claim any copyright on these sounds and that you are free to give them away, upload them entirely or partially to BBS's and information services, feed them to your pets for lunch or whatever else you can think of. And if you happen to be or to represent the copyright owner of any of them and object to my offering to share your sounds in this fashion, please let me know and I'll immediately remove the offending items from the list.
When you first register, I can send you IdleTalk for an extra $3 and one more disk of your choice (please specify what number) for a further $2 (the lower prices are justified by my having to handle your envelope and put a minimum amount of stamps on it anyway).
8) Check out a public domain alternative to the Farallon MacRecorder. A file called SID.sit is available from the major networks with detailed instructions on building your own digitizer for $20 worth of parts. It includes software to perform the digitizing. I downloaded the file, but I never had a chance to try it.
However, I have heard from at least one person who has tried to build it and failed and another who managed to build it, but at a higher cost of around $40.
9) Registered User Robert "Rabbett" Abbett offers to act as a sounds clearing house and says "Those who send me sounds on disc with a return package and postage pre-paid on the envelope will get sounds & stuff sent to them as soon as it is possible. No time guarantees to account for unknown numbers of respondents, etc. Anyone who sends blank discs gets nothing. Anyone who fails to send postage gets nothing. Blank discs with pre-paid postage and $5.00 US per disc will get a load sent to them." His address is:
Mother Earth's Sound Clearinghouse
c/o Rabbett
Hot Spots Hawaii
333 Maluniu Avenue
Kailua, Hawaii, USA 96734-2370
Disclaimers and known incompatibilities
Sorry, NO GUARANTEES:
I'm afraid I am in no position to guarantee that SndControl will work as advertized on your particular system: there are just too many hardware/software combinations out there for anyone to test them all.
However, the program has been thoroughly tested over a period of several months both by myself and by a fair number of my friends in the European Community Computer Club, whom I'd collectively like to thank for allowing very early beta versions of this program to enter their System Folders. It's now been widely distributed for over a year and I've heard of no major disasters due to its use, but I'd be either very arrogant or downright dishonest if I assured you that you won't have any problems at all. What I can assure you is that I'll look very closely at all well documented bug reports and do my best to fix them.
If you can pinpoint a problem down to the use of SndControl, I'd really like to have details from you (what Mac model, how much memory, system version, what INITs and cdevs, what application(s) you were using, was it under MultiFinder, etc. Use MugShot, InitScope or similar utility to describe your system configuration, if you have it.).
***New in version 1.1***
If you find any specific programs under which you think SndControl should be disabled just push the Exclude button and Add them to the list. The next time you run an application from this list, SndControl will be inactive. I recommend that you disable SndControl under Hypercard, SoundEdit and any other programs that make heavy use of sounds.
SndControl and other INITs
Make sure SndControl loads after Suitcase if you've selected a startup sound that is contained in a suitcase compressed with Font & Sound Valet™. To accomplish this, simply rename one or the other in a way that changes their alphabetical order (e.g. aSuitcase or zSndControl).
The Multitalk2 INIT MUST run before SndControl or you'll get a 100% reproducible crash when putting something in the trash can. You're WARNED!
Registered User Michael Ross says that "if SmartQuotes [INIT 1.2] loads BEFORE SndControl, it will pretty randomly bomb a Mac SE (especially in CE Software's Disktop)." So make sure it loads AFTER SndControl by renaming it zSmartQuotes.
I suspect the SndControl/MacroMaker combo might occasionally cause a crash. Let's say that if you have crashes soon after you install SndControl, you may want to try taking MacroMaker out of your System Folder (assuming it was there in the first place, of course) and see if the crashes stop. Let me know if you find a repeatable pattern and I'll investigate (I only put MacroMaker in my System Folder to see what would happen, since I normally don't use it.)
Registered User David Lambert reports he has no trouble running with the MacroMaker/SndControl combo. He also has no problem using the Keyboard sounds on his Plus.
Although SndControl will work on diskette-based systems (i.e. when the startup system is on a diskette, whether a hard disk is also on-line or not), no sounds will be played when the startup diskette is off-line (i.e. has been ejected).
MultiFinder note:
When using MultiFinder, each application (including the Finder itself) is allotted a certain amount of memory, called a "partition". If you get messages telling you that the application doesn't have enough memory to do this or that (e.g. Finder can't open any more windows, or something), you can increase the amount of memory assigned to that application.
For example, Finder comes preset with a 160 K partition size. I have increased that number to 220 K to give it a bit more breathing space and to allow even large sounds to be read in from disk and played. To do this, you click on the application once to select it, then you do a Get Info and change the number that appears in the lower right of the Get Info window. (Refer to your Macintosh system manuals, if in doubt.)
If you notice that some sounds are not played even though they should be, under a particular application, that's a sure sign that you should increase the memory partition allotted to it. If you don't, there'll be no damage done, but larger sounds will simply not be loaded and played.
When you put a LaunchSnd into an application, it's probably advisable to immediately increase its MultiFinder partition by the size of the LaunchSnd to compensate. Experimentation will tell you what the best amount is for each case.
Conclusion
Thank you in advance for trying out SndControl. I really do hope you'll like it enough to keep it in your System Folder (and buy a licence for it). If you have any problems with it, I would greatly appreciate your taking the time to send me a bug report, rather than immediately giving up on it. I would also appreciate any suggestions for improvement you might make.
By preference you should contact me via EMail on Compuserve 72277,1344.
I also have accounts on GEnie: R.Ettore1, AppleLink:BEL0128 and America Online: R.Ettore but I don't check them as often.
If you really must, then call me on +322.7679217 at reasonable times (never after 9 PM CET which is 8 PM GMT or 3 PM EST or midday in San Francisco,CA).
Please address all paper correspondence to:
Riccardo Ettore
67 rue de la limite
1970 W-Oppem, BELGIUM
Release History
SndControl 1.0 : released February 16, 1990
SndControl 1.0.1, March 10, 1990:
- on MacPlus, it will only display the startup warning dialog if it doesn't find the SndCtrl cnfg file
- cursor changes to Click Here when "flying" over the name area (clicking then shows about screens)
- sysz resource now set at 0x0000 A000 instead of 0x0000 8000 (should solve certain problems at startup time)
SndControl 1.0.2, March 18, 1990:
- fixed bug reported by Derek Price which affected Sound Mover when editing the "snd" file while in the System Folder
- no longer checks its configuration file every time a character is typed (which would slow down typing to a crawl when no sounds were assigned to Key, Space and Return)
SndControl 1.0.3, April 2, 1990:
- added Master Tracks Pro 4 (creator MTPC) to applications under which SndControl is virtually disabled (in response to a bug report from Registered User Dale Thomas)
SndControl 1.0.4, May 31, 1990:
- removed expiration date (previous versions will expire Dec 31, 1990)
- sound files are now opened "read only" to avoid problems when they are also opened via Suitcase
- fixed cosmetic problem in list box reported by D.Lambert (black pixels at either end of scroll bar)
- fixed hiliting problem reported by D.Lambert on UseCPvolume and Keep in RAM checkboxes
- fixed bug that caused the shutdown and restart sounds always to be played at full volume when UseCPvolume was checked - irrespective of the actual Control Panel volume setting!
SndControl 1.0.5, July 7, 1990:
- Scott Williams reported that "when SndControl loads after Adobe Type Reunion, SndControl creates a new SndCtrl Cnfg file at the root level of my hard disk not in the System Folder."
It's now fixed.
SndControl 1.1, January 12, 1991:
- fixed bug that showed up when using Access PC (reported by Paul Christensen)
- finally added promised feature to allow disabling SndControl under user defined list of applications.
SndControl 1.1.1, January 15, 1991:
- fixed bug that would not erase the last application name removed from exclusion list
- fixed bug that could sometimes crash the Mac when no applications are in exclusion list
Still to come: chime, "I'm batman".
Air Mail this form to: Riccardo Ettore, 67 rue de la limite, 1970 W-Oppem, Belgium
(make cheques and Money Orders payable to Riccardo Ettore)
Sound Manager Package Registration Form
_ I wish to keep your sound programs and become a licensed user, so here's US$20
_ I also wish to receive the printed manual and latest version of the Package on two 800K disks filled with lots of sounds and other shareware/freeware programs, so here's an extra $5 (= $25 in total)
_ While you're at it, please send me the "IdleTalk" collection of sounds for an extra $3, so here's $28
_ I also wish to receive the #___ disk of sounds from your collection, so here's a grand total of $30
_ I'm enclosing a cheque/Amexco Money Order/InternationalPostalOrder/cash
(European users, please convert the amount to Belgian Francs when paying by Eurocheque)
_ Charge the amount to my VISA/MasterCard/AmericanExpress
